Moving around the city, in any form, entails various material and immaterial costs. For this reason, any change in these costs quickly reflects in traveler behavior. One of the factors that is easily measurable and whose effect is quickly seen in the reaction of passengers is the change in fares. Usually, when fares or fuel prices change, citizens try to make their choices in a way that will result in the lowest cost. If city managers are fully aware of the possible choices of citizens, they can carry out the necessary planning. For this purpose, this study was conducted in a descriptive and analytical manner. The goal was to determine how changes in fares and other costs drive passenger behavior and how the public transportation system responds to this behavior. The required data was obtained from the Mashhad Municipality Transportation Organization and analyzed using the comprehensive vector auto regression method. The study findings showed that eliminating or reducing the cost significantly changes the use of public transportation. Of course, with these changes, different transportation methods do not accept the same load. In addition, if fare changes coincide with external shocks such as changes in gasoline prices, parking costs, etc., passenger density in public transportation will increase significantly. In this situation, each type of system (bus, subway, etc.) will attract a different share of passengers. In this case, policies should be implemented in a way that, while appropriately responding to citizens, does not cause disruption to the urban transportation system.

Keywords: Public transportation, fare elimination, external shocks, traffic, Mashhad

     

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