Definition Urban Identical Competitiveness Dimensions and opportunity with contextual approach in Iranian cities

Document Type : Qualitative Research

Authors
A. Molaei 1
M. Behzadfar 2
1 Assistance Professor at Islamic art Tabriz University
2 Mostafa Behzadfar Professor at Iran University of Science and Technology, behzadfar@iust.ac.ir
Abstract
Introduction

Sustainability of urban and regional life, especially in economy dimension, is one of the most important aspects in the management of cities and societies associated with urban, regional, national and international competitions. In this regard, comprehensive planning focused on identical basis of cities and regions is needed to use vernacular capacities to a sustainable and identified economic future. Attention to identical contexts, especially in the natural, cultural, social and economic aspects, leads to negative consequences such as the degradation of the environment and culture, the instability of the economy of cities and regions in global change, and the reduction of resources and injustice. The problems that many of Iranian cities and regions are involved with them undermining the economic, social, cultural and environmental identity.

One of the important issues of the research is that the Iranian cities and regions have grown regardless of the contexts and, in addition, we have witnessed heterogeneous urban growth. Uncertain loading with the identity and context of the region and cities is one of the main causes of undermining justice in the regions of Iran. Attention to the potential competitiveness on the basis of identity can lead to regional equilibrium and a fair distribution of capital and business acquisition.

On the other hand, neglecting to identities in the last decades have led to an unbalanced growth of cities and regions. In addition to regional unbalances, the issue of planning is of paramount importance to indigenous areas in Iranian different regions, which, instead of identifying the contexts and capacities of the areas of cities and regions, destroying the identity, and the natural, historical, social and cultural backgrounds and economic has intensified. The growth of irregularities in the natural, historical, socio-economic areas of the regions has weakened many areas and eliminated some of the roots of the region's competitive ability. In some areas, excessive industrial, agricultural and demolition loads and heterogeneous populations cause climate destruction, drought, environmental degradation, social harm, and injustice, rural and small-town migration to metropolitan areas, poverty and marginalization.

Methodology

The aim of this research is to definition the contexts and strategies of identical dimensions in urban competitiveness and how to apply identical contexts in the Iranian cities and regions competitiveness. This research has been done with analytical and documentary research method with context based strategy. In order to promotion city to a competitive and identity-oriented city, the cities and regions comprehensive plan must be developed in the dimensions of identity and competitive advantages with emphasizing on competitive advantages in identical contexts.

Therefore, while addressing the above and important issues, the research questions are: Principles and strategies of urban identical competitiveness are focused on the areas of urban and regional identities. In the present study, the study on the theoretical views on urban identity competitiveness explains the theories, principles and strategies of urban and regional competitiveness, history of urban and regional competitiveness in pre-Islam era and post-Islam era was done. Then definition of urban identity competitiveness with focus on contextual dimensions and then by conclusion and analyzing these results is be done.

Results and discussion

These competitive advantages are defined and categorized in the natural, environmental, historical, spatial, religious, cultural, social, economic, scientific and sport contexts. The creation of a competitive city contains identifying potential competitive advantages, visions and applied strategies related identical contexts. The most important urban identity competitiveness strategies include the recognition of competitive advantages in the dimensions of identity and branding, innovation, facilitating competitive infrastructure, urban tourism, urban branding, location branding and location, commodity originality, and brand-oriented identical contexts.



Conclusion

Competitive advantages in the Iranain cities can be analyzed in terms of homogeneous regions. In general, it can be said that most of Iran's cities are known for their natural, historical and cultural advantages. The natural benefits of rivers, springs, mitigating climates, plants, natural products, spa therapies, mountains, etc. are considered. Historical advantages include events such as the foundations of humanity, works and history, museums, and so on. Cultural advantages include a diverse range of foods, religious and spiritual events, sports and artistic and scientific celebrities, artistic industries, and unique goods. The table below shows ompetitive advantages (potential and real) in the regions of Iran. Urban, regional, national and international competitiveness in the present age faces new causes, dimensions and emergencies. It is dramatically increasing and often affecting all citizens. Competition for attracting more domestic and foreign capital, attracting more tourists, earning higher income, having cities and regions superior to the roots of the desire to compete in the city.

In order to promote the competitiveness of the Iranian cities and regions identity, the practical strategis can be used: branding of genuine local and national products, designing urban brand identity logos, identifying the terminals and airport with Iranian culture and art, establishment of local specialty brands for local cuisine, use of new technologies and tools for promoting adaptation and branding, holding national and international exhibitions and international strategies for urban diplomacy, internet branding, holding of the conference Festivals and festivals of genuine products of world culture Arts and Food and Architecture, Worldwide Specialized Brand Publishing, Global Registration of Historic, Natural and Cultural Sets, Religious and Health Promotion, Textile and Historical Improvement, Architectural Branding and Worldwide Brand Features, Exports of Essential Goods, Solving bureaucratic issues and preventing the overthrow of products and places and cities.

Keywords

Subjects

- Anholt, S. (2004), Editor’s Foreword to the First issue Place Branding and Public Policy, Vol. 1, No. 1.
- Anholt, S. (2007), Competitive Identity the New Brand Management for Nations, Cities and Regions. Palgrave Macmillan, Hampshire, Palgrave Macmilan Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010
- Ambastha, A., & Momaya, K. (2004). Competitiveness of firms: review of theory, frameworks and models. Singapore Management Review, 26(1), 45-61.
- Ancient Parizi, Mohammad Ebrahim (2001): Seven-headed Dragon (Silk Road), Tehran: Publishing Alam, First Edition.
- Ansari, Mitra. Server, Raheem and Sobhani, Nobakht (2016), The Role of New Knowledge-Based Cities in Promoting National Competitiveness (Case Study: New Town of Andisheh), Journal of Environmental Studies, No. 35, pp. 121-85.
- Alizadeh, Hadi Firouzi, Mohammad Ali Ahzghouhi, Mohammad. Neghabi Rokni Sayyedeh Narges (2013): Measurement and Evaluation of Sustainability Indices in the Tourism Industry in Ahvaz, Journal of Planning and Designing of Space, Volume 17, Issue 2, Pages 172-145.
- Behzadfar, Mostafa (2011): The identity of the city. A look at the identity of Tehran city, Tehran city publishing house, Third edition.
- Bacon, Edmond (1997): Urban Design, Translated by Farzaneh Taheri, Iranian Center for Architectural and Urban Studies Research.
- Badri, Seyyed Ali and Ghanbari, Jafar Sadegh (2005), Assessment of Environmental Capacity in Rural Life (Case Study of Qaleh Chay River Basin), Geographical Research, No. 54, pp. 185-173.
- Badri, Seyyed Ali, Rezvani, Mohammad Reza and Torabi, Zabiholallah and Malekan, Ahmad (2015), A Strategic Tool for Sustainable Tourism Planning Study of Mighan Village, Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, Vol. 4, No. 13 , Pp. 50-29.
- Badri, Seyed Ali, Rezvani, Mohammad Reza and Torabi, Zabiholallah and Malekan, Ahmad (2012): Metasut Strategic Tool for Sustainable Tourism Planning Study of Mighan Village, Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, Vol. 4, No. 13, Pp. 50-29.
- Dinie, Kate (2013), Urban Remodeling Urban Reminiscence, Translation by Mohammad Reza Rostami, Tehran: Tehran Municipality Beautician Publication, First Edition.
- Diakonov, M.M. (1967): The History of Ancient Iran, Translation of Rouhani Arbab, Tehran: Translation and Publishing Company, First Printing.
- Figueroa, Dan Garcia DeSilva (1984): Travelogue, Spanish Ambassador to the Court of Shah Abbas I, translated by Gholamreza Samii, Tehran, Nasir Nye.
- Fatkhiri, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim (1989): Al-Masak and Al-Mamalik, by Iraj Afshar, Tehran: Shahrekord Scientific and Cultural Publishers, Third Edition.
- Jesus, Charles (1983): Economic History of Iran, Qajar 1315-1215, translation of Yaghoub Ajand, Collection of Researches of Iran's History (8), Tehran: Nasr Gostareh, First Edition.
- Khodadad, H. S. H., & Mehri, A. (2006). Designing competitive advantage model designed for the automotive industry in Iran. Journal of Agricultural Science, 9(2), 189-212 (in Persian).
- Grišman, Romain (1993): Iran from the beginning to Islam, translation by Mohammad Moein, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publishing, ninth edition.
- Iqbal Ashtiani, Abbas (1993): Detailed History of Iran from Mongolian Stalism to Constitutional Proclamation, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing, First Edition.
- Flange, Eugene (1977): Eugene Flange Travel to Iran, translated by Hossein Norsadeqi, Eshraghi Publishing, Third Edition.
- Ehtashami, Manouchehr (2002): The Road to Iran, Tehran: The Office of Cultural Research, First Edition.
Ashraf, Ahmad (2017): Iranian Identity from the Ancient to the End of Pahlavi, Translation and Compilation of Hamid Ahmadi, Tehran, Publishing Nej, Sixth Edition.
- Figueroa, Dan Garcia da Silva (1984): Travelogue, Spanish Ambassador to the Court of Shah Abbas I, translated by Gholamreza Samii, Tehran, Publishing.
- Gabriel, Alfonso (1969): Geographical Survey of Iran, Translated by Fath Ali Khaje Noori, Avicenna Publications, First Edition.
- Nasiri, Behrooz and Smsam Shariat, Sayed Jamaluddin and Mahdanezhad, Hafez (1396), Urban Competitiveness, Arad Book Publishing, First Edition.
- Hossein-Zadeh Delir, Karim and Ghorbani Golzari, Sepideh; Golgari, Ghorari, Sahar (2015): A Study on the Capabilities of Sustainable Tourism Development in Tabriz City Using the SWOT Model, Journal of Tourism Space, Vol. 5, No. 19, pp. 40- 19th
- Nasmfar Hussein, Amirkhahrbarj Ali, Alavi Saeidah (2017), the Study of the Economic Competitiveness of Iranian Cities. Journal of Economics and Urban Management, 5 (20): 23-38
- Kavaratzis, Mihalis; Warnaby, Gary; Ashworth, Gregory J. (2015): Rethinking Place Branding Comprehensive Brand Development for Cities and Regions, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
- Porter, M. E., & Schwab, K. (2008). Competitiveness. The free press: New York. - OECD (1996): The Knowledge-Based Economy. Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 1996. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris.
- Pakzad, Jahanshah (2010): Milk of Thoughts of Urban Development, vol. 3, Tehran, Ust-Ṣalash Publications, First edition.
- Porter, M. E., & Schwab, K. (2008). Competitiveness. The free press: New York.
- Pygulo Secaya, N. (1993): Iranian Cities in the Parthian and Sassanian Period, Translated by Karim Keshavarz, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Company, Second Edition.
- Pengfei, Ni. Marco, Kamiya. Ruxi, Ding (2017): , Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
- Rezaei, Mohammad Reza and Khavarian Garmsir, Amir Reza and Cheraghi, Ramin (2015), Spatial Strategic Planning of Small Cities Using the Metasut Model (Case StudyPorter, Michael E. (2000): Location, Competition, and Economic Development: Local Clusters in a Global Economy. Economic Development Quarterly 14 (1):15-34.
- Rahmani, Khalil Proto'ari, Mehdi. Eftekhari, Abdolreza Rokin al-Din (1392): Strategic Planning for the Development of Religious Tourism in Rural Areas. A Case Study of Villages in the Villages of Ariaman Takht, Najjar and Hajijj, Journal of Planning and Design of Space, Volume 17, Issue 1, pp. 66-43. .
- Ravandi, Morteza (1985): Social History of Iran, Vol. 5, Iranian Economic Life from the Beginning to Today, Publisher, Second Edition.
- Rahimi Koloor, H. (2012). The study of factors affecting the competitiveness of the insurance industry: using a structural equation model (SEM), Ph.D. Thesis in business management, Tehran, Payamnoor University (in Persian).
- Qassim. Heidari, Shahin, Shirimohamadi, Shahram (2015): A Reading on the Position and Role of Architecture Branding on Urban Competitiveness in Global Cities, Journal of Urban Management, No. 40, pp. 177-206.
- Qayder Hammati, Zar and Gavourian Garmesir, Amir Reza (2015), The role of Metasut Technique in Strategic Tourism Planning, Yazd, Journal of Planning of Space, Vol 20, No. 1, pp. 206-179.
- Scott, John Allen (2005), Worldwide Cities Town, Pantela Lotfi Kazemi Translation, Tehran: Procurement and Procurement of Tehran City.
- Shafiee, Bahram (2013): Sirjan of the ancient port city, Journal of Educational Development of History, Fourteenth, No. 4.
- Schwab, Klaus. (2013): The Global Competitiveness Report 2013, Geneva: World Economic Forum.
- Schwab, Klaus. & Porter, Michael. E. (2008): The Global Competitiveness Report 2008 2009, Geneva: World Economic Forum.
- Shardin, Jean (1971): Shardin Travel, Volume 3, Translation by Mohammad Abbasi, Tehran, Amir Kabir.
- Shardin, Jean, (1993): Travelogue, vol. 2, translation by Iqbal Yaghmaie, Tehran, Toos Publishing.
- Shurchuluu, P. (2002). National productivity and competitive strategies for the new millennium. Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 13(6), 408-414.
- Sharif-e Zadegan, Mohammad Hossein and Nandasi Tusi (2016), Measurement of the Application of Regional Competitiveness Components in Iran, Geographic Research, Vol. 48, No. 1, Pages 123-105.
- Tuliya, Novin (2001): Groundedness in Urbanism ", Tehran, University of Tehran, Quarterly Journal of Fine Arts, No. 10, pp. 34-43.
- Tavakkoli, Abdollah and Mahbani, Bahareh (2017) The study of the rank of civility of the countries of the region based on the indicators of public and private institutions and providing solutions for the improvement of the status of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Two scientific articles and research articles. 10, No. 20, pp. 162-135.
- World Economic Forum (2017): Insight Report The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2017 Paving the way for a more sustainable and inclusive future, by the World Economic Forum within the framework of the Economic Growth and Social Inclusion System Initiative and the Future of Mobility System Initiative.
- Yari Hesar, Arastoo. Mahdavi, Davood Heydari Sarban, lawyer. Ebrahimi, Khedira (1394): Monitoring the Sustainable Tourism Life Cycle Case Study of Tourist Destinations in Ardabil Province, Volume 19, Number 4, pp 215-185.
- Yaghoubi Parasani, Parisa and Mohamiri, Sidamid (2016), Determining the strategies of the tourism industry of Iran using the Metasut method in line with the goals of the vision document of this industry, Journal of Tourism and Development, University of Science and Culture, Year 5, No. 9, Pages 86-73.
- Zali, Nader Mansouri Birjandi, Sarah (1394): Identification of Predictable Strategies for Economic Development of the Region with the Case of Tehran University's Case Study, Case Study Planning Approach, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 52-21.
The Journal of Spatial Planning and Geomatics
Volume 23, Issue 2
September 2019
Pages 97-121