Showing 9 results for Borhani
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2017)
Abstract
Aim: Caesarean section is dramatically increasing across the world. Pregnant women have an increasing tendency for caesarean section without acceptable medical indications. In general, 50 to 60% of childbirths in Iran are cesarean section. Despite the high complications of cesarean section, they are not caused by medical problems. Therefore, the current survey aims to screen the effect of education on choosing delivery mode based on BASNEF model.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was done on 160 nulliparous women in the third trimester of pregnancy who were assigned randomly to the intervention (80 subjects) and control (80 samples) groups. A researcher-made questionnaire was utilized to collect the required data. Education and its content were developed according to the BASNEF model and the pregnant women's educational requirements. Numerous education methods were implemented in all target groups of intervention including pregnant women, their family and the health staffs. To analyze the data, paired and McNemar tests through SPSS version 18 were utilized. Significant level was also considered <0.05.
Findings: The majority of women were in the age range of 24-20 years. Only 1.2% of the women were illiterate in both groups. Knowledge, attitude, enabling factors, subjective norms and intention were significantly different between the two arms before and 2 months after the intervention (p=0.001) except for intention. In addition, in the intervention group, they get information significantly from friends, families, printed materials, educational films, educational sessions in the Health Centers, and the health personnel after the intervention (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Designing educational programs about delivery mode based on BASNEF model appeared to be beneficial due to the model‟s emphasis on subjective norms and enabling factors; therefore, educational programs based on change behavior model can notably decrease the unnecessary cesarean section in the country.
Volume 9, Issue 4 (Fall 2018)
Abstract
Aims: Alkaline protease is one of the most important groups of industrial enzymes with many applications. The aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical parameters affecting the production of alkaline protease enzyme produced by Bacillus pseudofirmus MSB22 by one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method and optimize the production of this enzyme by the response surface methodology (RSM) in the form of a rotatable central composite design.
Materials and Methods: In the present experimental study, the isolation of microorganism producing alkaline protease from wastewater from sausage and lunch meat factories in Isfahan was carried out. The morphological and biochemical characteristics of the strain were performed according to the Bergey's book and amplification of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Detection of metalloproteinase gene and alkaline serine protease was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reaction and enzyme activity measurement was performed by Folin reagent. Screening of variables effective in enzyme production was done, using one-factor-at-a-time method and optimization was performed by response surface methodology. MEGA 6 software was used for phylogenetic analyses. To analyze the data, the Design Expert 7 software and the one-way analysis of variance were used.
Findings: The maximum protease production, which was 1.85 times higher than that of OFAT method and 3.45 times higher than unoptimized conditions was obtained, using 1% w/v xylose, 3% w/v beef extract, 4% v/v inoculation size, pH 10, and 30°C. The established quadratic model had a great ability to predict responses to new observations due to a high value of the predicted determination coefficient.
Conclusion: OFAT and RSM strategies are useful screening and optimization methods, respectively and sub I and sub II genes (alkaline serine protease genes) are detected in Bacillus pseudofirmus MSB22.
Volume 10, Issue 2 (Spring 2022)
Abstract
Aims: Many people with hypertension are unaware of their problem. As hypertension may have no warning signs and causes serious complications, designing effective interventions to sensitize the community towards its control is necessary. The current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of self-care educational programs for hypertension in rural areas.
Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 136 patients with hypertension from rural areas of Minodasht county were studied in 2019. Two-stage random cluster sampling was used to select participants. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire whose validity and reliability were assessed. The questionnaire consisted of demographic and related outcomes parts (adherence to diet and drug therapy, physical activity, adherence to control (measurement) of blood pressure, and feelings related to behavior). Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and covariance by SPSS 19.
Findings: Based on the paired t-test, the mean of measured dimensions was significantly increased after providing the intervention (p<0.05). The covariance analysis was also statistically significant (p<0.05), after removing the pre-test effects of variables.
Conclusion: This study showed the positive effects of educational interventions on those who suffer from hypertension. Educational programs, as a core component of health promotion, can improve the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of trainees to maintain and adhere to promote their health.
Volume 12, Issue 2 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: Carotenoids are biological antioxidants and play important roles in protecting the body from diseases and aging. Canthaxanthin is one of the most widely used carotenoids in the industry and medicine. This study aimed to investigate the biological properties of canthaxanthin pigment as well as its production optimization in a low-cost medium using a radioresistant microbial strain named Dietzia maris.
Materials and methods: Bacterial carotenoids were extracted and its antibacterial, anti-tumor, and cytotoxicity properties were investigated. Then, the effect of Krebs intermediates and pH on the production of pigment and microbial biomass in the whey medium was investigated using the response surface methodology.
Results: Maximum pigment production was found to be 92/54 mg/l in whey culture medium at pH 8 and in the presence of 12.5 mM of each of citrate, glutamate, malate, and succinate by the response surface method. The pigment did not show any cytotoxic effect on Hela, HFB, and MCF-7 cell lines. Besides, the pigment did not have any antibacterial properties.
Conclusion: Radioresistant microbial strains are better candidates for microbial pigment production due to their stability and high antioxidant activity. In this study, a whey culture medium was used to reduce the production cost of canthaxanthin. The addition of Krebs intermediaries in the fermentation medium increased the pigment production by Dietzia maris significantly.
Volume 17, Issue 3 (10-2014)
Abstract
Objective: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. Conventional treatments use cytotoxic drugs which have high numbers of side effects. Currently pharmacologists are searching for novel drugs with fewer side effects and maximum efficiency as breast cancer treatment. The aim of the current study is to clarify the cytotoxicity effect of the recombinant outer membrane inflammatory protein (oipA) of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) on a breast cancer cell line. Methods: We purified recombinant H. pylori oipA by Ni–NTA affinity chromatography. Breast cancer cells (4T1) were treated with different concentrations of recombinant oipA for various lengths of time. Cell viability was evaluated by the viability assay (MTT test). Results: SDS-PAGE analysis showed the expression of an approximately 34000 dalton protein. Statistical analysis showed oipA toxic effects on 4T1 cells at a concentration of 250 µg/ml after 24 h. Conclusion: These findings suggested that oipA had a direct toxic effect on a breast cancer cell line (4T1) in vitro. The oipA protein might be a new tool for future therapeutic strategies in cancer immunotherapy.
Volume 19, Issue 9 (September 2019)
Abstract
The cold roll bonding (CRB) is a type of bonding process between similar and/or dissimilar metals that is bonded through plastic deformation via rolling process at room temperature. In addition, the accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process is considered as one of the methods for applying severe plastic deformation (SPD) with the ability to achieve ultra-fine grains (UFG) structure and improved mechanical properties. In this research, a combined method was suggested consisting of ARB and CRB processes in order to fabricate UFG copper strip with simultaneous increase of strength and electrical conductivity. Microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of copper specimen fabricated via combined method and ARB processes were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) micrographs showed in the crystalline structure of the specimen fabricated via combined method, a large amount of the UFG with uniform distribution are observable. Also tensile strength and hardness of strips increased with increasing the number of rolling passes. Finally, investigation the electrical conductivity of the specimens by four-point probes test showed electrical conductivity decreases with increasing the number of ARB cycles, while the specimen fabricated via combined method increased simultaneously strength, hardness, and high electrical conductivity.
Volume 20, Issue 5 (May 2020)
Abstract
In the present study, multilayer nanocomposites fabricated by accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process. Aluminum sheets, copper sheets (with 0.1 and 0.3mm thickness) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as experimental materials. The rolling process continued to five cycles. Then, microstructure, hardness, tensile strength and electrical conductivity of nanocomposites were investigated. Necking and fracturing recognized as mechanisms of copper layers distribution in the aluminum matrix. The bonding strength between layers increased with the number of cycles due to the improvement of MWCNTs distribution. The results show that the hardness of aluminum increased with increasing copper layer thickness and these increases were about 30 and 32% for composites without nano reinforcements and nanocomposites contain MWCNTs, respectively. The highest hardness (147HV), is related to the sample containing carbon nanotubes and 0.3mm copper sheet, after five rolling cycles (446% increase compared to aluminum sheets). The results confirm the positive effect of copper and the MWCNTs on the improvement of strength. The highest strength and elongation is observed in the aluminum-copper-MWCNTs nanocomposite after four cycles. The results also indicated that the addition of copper and MWCNTs can simultaneously increase the strength and electrical conductivity of the resulted composites.
Volume 20, Issue 142 (December 2023)
Abstract
The presence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRSA) Staphylococcus aureus in food raises a public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of some Lamiaceae essential oils including Melissa Officinalis, Salvia officinalis, and Mentha piperita against MRSA and for the first time on VRSA strains. For this purpose, the disk diffusion test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC), and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) were determined. Then, M. Officinalis essential oil compounds were investigated against PBP2a, agrA, and Bap proteins using AutoDocK Vina. Finally, pharmacokinetic properties were investigated using ADMETsar and SwissADME servers. Based on the obtained results, the MIC and MBC values of M. Officinalis essential oil against MRSA strain were equal to 0.05 and 0.112 mg/ml, and against VRSA strain were equal to 1.8 and 2.5 mg/ml, respectively. The MBIC and MBEC of M. Officinalis essential oil against MRSA strain were equal to 0.03 mg/ml and 0.112 mg/ml, and against VRSA strain were equal to 0.9 mg/ml and 3.2 mg/ml, respectively. The results of molecular docking showed that β-Caryophyllene had a greater binding affinity to PBP2a protein either in the active site or in the allosteric site (-6.6kcal/mol). On the other hand, the effective compounds of this essential oil, especially citronellol, thymol, and citral, were acceptable in terms of pharmacokinetic properties. Since natural antibiotics can be an alternative to conventional antibiotics in the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus food-borne diseases, the results of this study showed that Melissa Officinalis essential oil is effective on the growth and biofilm of MRSA and VRSA strains, and it can be used as a drug candidate in the prevention and treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant strains of this bacterium.
Amirhossin Elhami, Kazem Borhani, Mohammad Amin Pourtaheri,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (Fall 2021)
Abstract
Sense of security is one of the most important features in an urban place. Concept of sense of urban security has been always at the center of attentions in understanding urban studies. The principle objective of this research is assessment of effective factors on the sense of urban security by application of Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) as a comprehensive and integrated method. This study first conducted the survey based on literature review to identify major factors on the sense of urban security in Tehran metropolitan. Researchers show that eight main criteria are important in assessment of sense of urban security in Tehran metropolitan. According to the result, material welfare (sustainable income and employment) and far from poverty, unemployment and justice, equality and non-discrimination are factors which have the maximum effect on other factors. Based on the result of research, four factors belong to the cause group and four factors are the effect group.
