مطالعه تأثیر عوامل اقلیمی و زیست‌محیطی در ارتقاء بهره‌وری آب

نویسندگان
1 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه تهران
2 کارشناس برنامه‌ریزی وزارت جهاد کشاورزی
چکیده
مطالعات در کشورهای مختلف نشان می‌دهد که هرچند تغییرات آب‌وهوایی و زیست‌محیطی تأثیر تعیین‌کننده‌ای بر منابع آب و بهره‌وری آن دارد، لزوماً برداشت افراد تأثیرگذار در تصمیمات سیاستی ممکن است یکسان نباشد؛ این به‌نوبه خود می‌تواند در اولویت‌های سیاستی تأثیرات متفاوتی داشته باشد. ازاین‌رو، مقاله حاضر ارتباط بین عوامل اقلیمی و زیست‌محیطی را با بهره‌وری آب جوامع روستایی از منظر نخبگان بررسی کرده است. بدین‌منظور اطلاعات موردنیاز با استفاده از فنون پرسشنامه و مصاحبه در چهار مؤلفه مشتمل بر 25 شاخص گردآوری و با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای Excel، SPSS وSmart PLS تجزیه‌وتحلیل شده است. در این مقاله، میزان اهمیت و اثرگذاری مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص‌های بُعد «اقلیم و عوامل زیست‌محیطی» بر ارتقاء بهره‌وری آب جوامع روستایی برآورد ‌شده است. نتایج حاصله نشان می‌دهد مؤلفه «کیفیت عوامل اقلیمی و زیست‌محیطی» و شاخص‌ «کارایی مصرف آب ‌زیرزمینی در محصول آبی»، مؤثرترین و مهم‌ترین، همچنین شاخص «درصد کاهش آلودگی هوا» کم‌اهمیت‌ترین شاخص‌های موردمطالعه هستند. با فرض ثابت‌بودن سایر متغیرها، تغییرات عوامل اقلیمی و زیست‌محیطی حدود 4/85 درصد از تغییرات مدل را تبیین می‌کند. ازاین‌رو برنامه‌ریزی هوشمندانه برای مواجه مناسب با تغییرات اقلیمی به‌ویژه اجرای مجموعه اقدامات فنی در راستای استفاده بهینه از منابع آب زیرزمینی در جوامع روستایی توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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