تحلیل مؤلفه‌های جغرافیایی و فرهنگی- اجتماعی مؤثر بر فرایند شکل‌گیری و توسعه محوطه باستانی شهریری

نویسندگان
1 استاد گروه باستان شناسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2 دانشجوی دکتری باستان شناسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3 دانشیار دانشگاه کاتب چلبی ازمیر
4 تهران دانشگاه تربیت مدرس-دانشکده علوم انسانی- گروه باستان شناسی
5 استادیار گروه آموزشی باستان شناسی
چکیده
محوطه باستانی شهریری در مشکین شهر اردبیل یکی از شاخص‌ترین محوطه‌های شمال‌غرب ایران است. این محوطه طی سه فصل کاوش باستان‌شناختی در سال‌های 1382،83،84 مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. استقرار جوامعی با شیوه معیشتی نیمه کوچ‌نشینی در این محوطه از دوره مفرغ متأخر و آهن قدیم با ساخت معبدی اولیه شروع شده و در عصر آهن میانی با ساخت قلعه استحکاماتی و گورستانی وسیع در کنار معبدی با بیش از 500 سنگ افراشت انسان ریخت به اوج رونق رسیده است. پرسش اصلی پژوهش حاضر این است که چه متغیرهای محیطی، جغرافیایی و فرهنگی- اجتماعی در فاز شکل‌گیری و توسعه محوطه شهریری در مکان‌گزینی و گسترس محوطه واجد اهمیت بوده است. پژوهش حاضر با استناد به بررسی و کاوش‌های باستان‌شناختی محوطه بوده و تحلیل و استدلال آن بر پایه مبانی نظری باستان‌شناسی پهندشت است که برای بررسی مقوله مکان از نظریه بوم‌شناختی کنت وات استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که فراهم بودن پنج شاخصه ماده، انرژی، فضا، زمان و تنوع ملزومات استقرار در این محوطه در عصر مفرغ متأخر را فراهم آورده و در عصر آهن میانی نزدیکی به راه‌های ارتباطی و انباشت ثروت در کنار عوامل پیش گفته باعث رونق و اوج محوطه گردیده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات



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Rezaei Moghaddam, Mohammad Hossein & Mehdi Hatefi Ardakani. »Energy supply assessment for photovoltaic systems based on solar energy analyzer function (Case study: Zanjan highway - Tabriz)».Tarbiat Modares University: The Journal of Spatial Planning. Volume 20, Number 3: 131-155. [In Persian].
Rezaloo, Reza , Yahya Ayremlo. » The Culture of the New Bronze Age and Iron I of Ardebil Plain Case Study of Khosrow Castle and Satellite Castles». Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastan Shenasi Iran, Volume 4, Issue 6 , Spring 2014 , pp . 65-84. 2014. [In Persian]
Sajasi Chedar, Hamdollah & Mehdi Pourtaheri & Zahra Soleimani. » The Role of Rural Transportation System in Economic Development of Rural Areas Case Study: Northern Taghankoh Rural District».Tarbiat Modares University: The Journal of Spatial Planning. Volume 21, Issue 1 , p. 221-252. 2012. [In Persian].
Trivedi, P.R. & Raj, Gurdeep, Environmental Ecology, First
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Wat, Kent. The foundations of the environment. Translator: Abdul Hussein Vahabzadeh. Mashhad: University Jihad (University of Mashhad).1999. [In Persian].
Abdi, kamyar. » Human ecosystem and its importance in archaeological research». Archaeological and Historical Magazine, Year 16, Issue 1 (31), Autumn and Winter 2001 , pp . 14-25. 2001. [In Persian]
Amir Hajjloo, Saeed. »Explanation of Role of Ecological Variables in Life of Islamic City of Jiroft». Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastan Shenasi Iran, Volume 4, Issue 7, Fall, pp .173-192. 2014. [In Persian]
Asgharimghdam, Mohammad Reza, Natural Geography of the City: Hydrology and City Flood, Tehran: Mesie. 1999. [In Persian]
Burney. Ch, »Meshkinshahr Survey», Iran, Vol 17: 155-156,1979.
Butzer, K. W, »Context in Archaeology: an Alternative Perspective», Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp: 417-422, 1980.
Dark, ken R. Theoretical Archaeology. Translator: Kamyar Abdi. Tehran: University publishing house: .2014. [In Persian]
Dolphos, Olivia, Geographic space. Translator: Cyrus sahami. Mashhad : Nika Publishing House ,1994. [In Persian]
Ebtehaj.Vida, The Study Of Iron Age Megalithic Graves Architecture Structure Case Study: Shaharyri Site In Ardebil Province, The Thesis Presented For Degree Of Master Archaeology, Supervisior: Dr, Alireza hejebri Nobari. Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University,2004. [In Persian]
Emberlin. J.s. An introduction to ecology, Translator: Mohammad Baqer Baqeriyeh najar. Gorgan University: Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.1998. [In Persian]
hejebri Nobari, Alireza & Akbar Pourfaraj . » Explaining the Calculite Stone Age of the Ardabil Region Based on Archeological Data of Ghushatpa Shahriari ». Faculty of Literatures & Humanities, University of Tehran: Quarterly journal of linguistics. Language and Literature. Spring & Summer 2006 , Volume180, Issue 57: 1-27. [In Persian].
hejebri Nobari, Alireza, Excavation of the Shahriari Site at the Ardebil Province(Chapter 2). Tehran: Cultural heritage research institute. No publication. 2004. [In Persian].
hejebri Nobari, Alireza, Excavation of the Shahriari Site at the Ardebil Province(Chapter 3). Tehran: Cultural heritage research institute. No publication. 2005. [In Persian].
Ingarham, M. I, Summers,G, »Steal and Settlement in Meshkin shahr Plain, Northeastern Azerbaijan», Iran. A.M.I, Bd 12, p: 67-102,1979.
Khamachi, Behrooz. East Azerbaijan Cultural Geography. Tehran: soroush, 1991.
Khanali, Hamid, Reza rezaloo, Esmaeil Hemmati Azandariani. » Comparative Study on the Development of Trade Roads and the Military Fortress, Regional and Cross-Regional Trade of North-West Iran, Case Study: “Kowsar County in Ardabil Province». Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastan Shenasi Iran, Volume 6, Issue 10, Summer, Page 193-210. 2016. [In Persian]: DOI: 10.22084/NBSH.2016.1554.
Khanali,hamid. Sounding for Determine aria of Gayalik tepe in the toolash village in Ardabil Province. Proceedings of The 14 th Annual Symposium on the Iranian Archaeology, Tehran: Cultural heritage research institute publication, 149-154, 2016. [In Persian].
Marketing, A Case Study of the Port Douglas Brand. In B. Faulkner, G.
Mogadamnia, Heydar Ali et All. Geography of provinces Ardebil. Secondary education Secondary education ,Geography of provinces. Publishing Company of Iran Textbooks. 2012. [In Persian]
Pourfaraj, Akbar. » Explaining and illustrating the culture of the Kurgans in the east of northwest of Iran; based on the exploration and exploration of the Bueno Yoghon Nir castle ». Faculty of Literatures & Humanities, University of Tehran: Archaeological Studies. Spring & Summer 2012 , Volume4 , Issue 1: 59-82. [In Persian].
Pourfaraj, Akbar., The Revision of Iron Age in North Western Iran with case study on Shahar yeri site and its around fortresses, The Thesis of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Archaeology, Supervisior: Dr Alireza hejebri Nobari. Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University,2007. [In Persian]
Rapp, George, Jr. & Hill, L, Christopher, Geoarchaeology; the
Earth Science Approach to Archaeological Interpretation, New Haven and London: Yale University Press,1998.
Rezaei Moghaddam, Mohammad Hossein & Mehdi Hatefi Ardakani. »Energy supply assessment for photovoltaic systems based on solar energy analyzer function (Case study: Zanjan highway - Tabriz)».Tarbiat Modares University: The Journal of Spatial Planning. Volume 20, Number 3: 131-155. [In Persian].
Rezaloo, Reza , Yahya Ayremlo. » The Culture of the New Bronze Age and Iron I of Ardebil Plain Case Study of Khosrow Castle and Satellite Castles». Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastan Shenasi Iran, Volume 4, Issue 6 , Spring 2014 , pp . 65-84. 2014. [In Persian]
Sajasi Chedar, Hamdollah & Mehdi Pourtaheri & Zahra Soleimani. » The Role of Rural Transportation System in Economic Development of Rural Areas Case Study: Northern Taghankoh Rural District».Tarbiat Modares University: The Journal of Spatial Planning. Volume 21, Issue 1 , p. 221-252. 2012. [In Persian].
Trivedi, P.R. & Raj, Gurdeep, Environmental Ecology, First
Edition, New Dehli: Akashdeep Publishing House, 1992.
Wat, Kent. The foundations of the environment. Translator: Abdul Hussein Vahabzadeh. Mashhad: University Jihad (University of Mashhad).1999. [In Persian].